In pursuit of improving and optimizing the energetic resources of its electric power system, the country, in its regulatory framework, has set the need of diagnosing hourly energy and power demand. This paper presents a dynamic model to forecast the hourly demand in the short term, and logical support will be developed in order to obtain an approximate 2% error reduction in comparison with CODENSA’s present model to diagnose demand.

Power quality --- Demand for energy --- Forecast --- Time Series

New applications such as VoIP, e-commerce and video conferencing are sensitive to network performance, making the network capacity to provide quality of service is increasingly important. IPv6 was developed to solve some of the problems of IPv4, such as QoS, security and IP address exhaustion. Current IP networks provide better trafficdelivery effort, therefore, offer no guarantee of quality service. However, there are services, including voice, with stringent requirements for delay and delay variation (jitter), which makes it necessary to add functionality to IP networks based on this protocol are capable of supporting such services. For its part, IPv6 uses 2 fields that can be used to implement QoS, which are: Flow Label and Traffic Class. This article describes the mechanisms and architectures that are used to provide QoS on a network. Later, you specify the features that use both IPv4 and IPv6 to implement QoS. In the last sections present the results of the comparison of 2 scenarios, which are evaluated.

DivServ --- IntSer --- IPv6 --- QoS.

The Apulo River constitutes an affluent of the Bogota River, on him settled down six stations of sampling and in each of them a sampling for the study of physico-chemical parameters was realised, In situand of laboratory. The taking of the data was realised during four months realised every thirty days, which were analyzed in laboratory and from them, values of each variable were obtained, with which the Indices of Contamination were determined caused by: mineralization ICOMI, suspended solids ICOSUS, trofismo ICOTRO, index of Langelier LSI and index of saprobiedad, from this, comparisons betweenthe stations of sampling in terms of contamination contamination settled down, as well as their possible reasons inferred from an analysis of statistical correlation between the obtained results. Considering the results of each variable and the indices of contamination the anthropic action in the river basin of theApulo River is evaluated, which is demonstrated in the quantification of its physico-chemical parameters it classifies and it like a eutrófico system. It is possible to be deduced, that the water body is put under certain unloading of contamination that becomes moreevident in than other stations and that also, presents attempts of autorecuperación that are interrupted by the constant ecosistémico imbalance caused by the anthropic disturbances on the river.

Quality of the water --- Anthropic intervention --- Physico-chemical parameters --- Apulo River.

The results of an experimental study of four scale concrete frames (1:2) subjected to monotonic load are presented. The four frames were designed and constructed without confinement zones in the joints and considering only the gravitational load. Two of the four concrete frames of concrete were reinforced in the joints with a confinement with polymers reinforced with carbon fiber (CFRP). The instrumentation of the tests consisted of a load cell, analogous deformimeters and strain gages in the reinforcement steel bars and in the carbonfibers. According to the experimental results, the reinforcement with fibers duplicates the resistance and the rigidity of the frames and increases its total displacement without loss of resistance in 60%.Also the confinement of the joints with CFRP diminishes remarkably the fissures and the cracks of the structural elements.

Laboratory test --- Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) --- External seismic reinforcement.

This paper aims to show the features and advantages that IPTV systems on existing TV platforms taking into account the services and applications that can provide using the same network infrastructure. In this way many companies providing Internet services, base their strategies on providing an integration of services in one package, such as video, voice data. And so to compete with satellite TV and digital terrestrial television (TDT), which have shifted insome way with the implementation of new technologies for analog TV. Within the IPTV systems there are a number of parameters required to ensure quality of service (QoS) appropriate based on a minimumquality of user experience (QoE). In IPTV systems is sometimes difficult to provide an excellent quality of service (QoS) to the end user, because of the heterogeneity of technologies and architectures that are implemented in this type of transmission and in turn to a number of parameters involved in ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) desirable, as are the limited bandwidth that is required, delay, packet loss and other factors that lead to a series of problems thatarise in the transmission of TV and involve to low QoE such as pixelation, picture freeze, etc.

Multicast --- IPTV --- QoE --- QoS.

In this article a detailed descriptive analysis mathematica lfunction Cobb-Douglas production, and compared with analytical solution obtained using the least squares method. Also there is a brief history of its origin, and explains a possible way as Charles Cobband Paul Douglas came to the algebraic formulation of the production function that describes the growth of the U.S. economy in the period from1899 to 1922.

Production function --- Least squares --- Numerical solution.